Kigali — The author in this second last part of his series portrays the hypocrisy of NGOs and the failure of OAU to nurse the PanAfricanism doctrine. Dependency on NGOs: today it is NGO, tomorrow it is extended diplomacy thus the ambivalence of the name. They are like the missionaries of the 19th century who preceded soldiers to prepare for colonialism. Rich countries have a fundamental contradiction: their development depends on high technology yet this renders in unemployment. The 1970-80 petrol crisis rendered some factories to lay off workers while others simply closed down. The consequence has been the evolution by European countries of ways of reducing unemployment at home thus corporate aid through NGOS. They mushroomed. e.g. Tanzania had 321 in 1992 and Rwanda had 800 before 1994.They do not only take dominant economic positions but even political ones through the opposition.

NGOS experience in Rwanda: one of the factors that damaged the country before 1994 were the above, especially from Belgium. They had taken Rwanda as a mirror. They were based on their parties. Rwandans could not think for themselves thus the failure to raise their economy until the 1994 tragedy. After 1994 Rwandans remembered there were edible and none edible mushrooms. Some came for markets while others came as intelligence networks. They never want one to know the amount of money brought in . They send money and people to consume it. The following decision got taken: every NGO had to strike an agreement with the government hence do the coordination in their activities like channeling their activities in development.

The role of OAU in the development of Africa was minor. However, it played a crucial role in African liberation from colonialism. It was based on non-negotiable conditions: eradication of colonialism. It happened in Mozambique, Angola, Guinea Bissau and apartheid South Africa. However, apartheid type of regime was in place in Rwanda based on ethnicity. One ethnic group was segregated against. RPF became a liberation movement for, its programme was to eradicate ethnic apartheid. OAU did not see it so .The situation was branded civil war. An attempt was made to put a pro-apartheid force and anti-apartheid force together thus legitimizing Habyarimana and group-the pro-apartheid elements.

When RPF was trying to stop genocide, UN wanted OAU to stop RPF tfrom taking the government like it did in Liberia. It was unable. The Sindikubwabo and Kambanda regime almost got admitted in Tunis meeting but got defeated. The weakness of OAU in 1960s, 70s and 80s is known. Its support came from member countries which also got support from rich countries and which sang resolution of conflict without giving the means. One of Pan Africanism movement acts was to cause mutations in societies. Mutations are the ones that cause inequalities in the world. Some do not follow their numerousness properly. Some leaders fail to know what positions to take and either seek union of countries or stick or stick to individuality so that national independence and sovereignty may remain intact.

In African countries, the major question is poverty. This renders neo-colonialism rooted under cover of AID. African economies are still under Europeans through multinationals. They are against Africans merging to build solid economies. Poverty goes hand in hand with population growth that does not rhyme with economic growth.

The GDP of countries south of Sahara is far inferior to that of the countries north of Sahara. This means that for African countries to develop, there should be solidarity in economy and technology. Africa has raw materials. United, they can transform things as is done in Europe and produce very highly priced goods. It requires opening borders especially to do with industries and commerce. There should be economic, political and cultural independence. There should be clear strategies hence awakening Africans on the need for a common market.

EU member countries started the search for a common market in 1957 with the treaty of Rome. They are now far advanced in economy, and politics. In Africa, people should understand that political independence without economic independence is irrelevant. The Panafricanism movement is on the forefront for economic emancipation through economic integration (sub regional, regional) in matters to do with industries and commerce. This is important to our enclaved countries. African common market are important to us.

The common market is the way to economic integration in Africa. CMESA, SADC, ECOWAS, EAC etc are in the right direction to go. Countries with no minerals have fertile soils. Products from agro-based industries can find market and there would no longer be need to import products from foreign countries when they can be got from neighboring countries.

To be continued