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Southern U.S. Not Receiving Adequate Federal Funding To Provide HIV/AIDS Prevention, Support, Report Says

[Jul 21, 2008]

The Southern U.S. is not receiving enough federal funding to provide adequate HIV prevention, treatment and support programs, according to a report scheduled to be released on Monday by the Southern AIDS Coalition, the Birmingham News reports.

An increasing number of new HIV cases in the South -- combined with "inadequate funding, resources and infrastructure" -- have "resulted in a catastrophic situation in our public health care systems in the South," the report says. The report added that public health workers should "act to correct funding and treatment disparities" to slow the spread of the virus in "isolated communities" in the region. Kathie Hiers, CEO of AIDS Alabama and a co-author of the report, said that HIV/AIDS is increasingly affecting remote areas of the South populated by blacks, who are at greatest risk of the disease. "The ruralness of the epidemic is what's becoming painfully clear," she said.

Although health officials for years knew that HIV was increasingly affecting the South, they believed the increase in new HIV cases was coming from large cities in Florida, according to Hiers. However, experts concentrated on the Deep South -- Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina and South Carolina -- and found HIV cases spreading in rural areas with large black populations with financial, health and social issues. "You don't think of the rural areas as driving the epidemic in the South, but that's clearly what's happening," Hiers said.

Federal Funding

According to the report, the distribution of federal funding does not reflect the path of the HIV epidemic nationwide, with the South receiving less funding for treatment, education and support despite a higher number of new HIV cases and an increasing number of AIDS-related deaths. Total deaths from AIDS-related causes increased to 190,000 in the South in 2001 through 2005, while the number of such deaths decreased in the rest of the nation during that time period, the report says.

According to the News, much of the funding issue "revolves around funding formulas devised early in the HIV/AIDS epidemic." These initial funding formulas were based on cumulative AIDS cases as opposed to HIV cases, giving "an advantage to large metropolitan areas where the epidemic started," according to the News. Last year, authorities adjusted Ryan White Program funding formulas, and the changes have helped, the News reports. However, the South still ranks No. 1 nationwide in the number of new HIV cases but ranks last out of four regions nationwide in overall federal funding. The federal government distributes about $6,565 annually for each person living with AIDS in the South, compared with $6,963 per person in the North, which has a higher percentage of AIDS cases, the News reports. "We're driving the epidemic, but we're still getting the least money," Hiers said.

Gary Puckrein, president and CEO of the National Minority Quality Forum, said that "one of the big misconceptions is it is big cities on the West Coast and East Coast that are really driving the disease," adding that the epidemic has "moved both in terms of geography and demography." Puckrein added, "It's really important for people in Southern states to know that because they're not getting their fair share of [federal] support."

Another report, released in May by Funders Concerned About AIDS, found that the South also receives less private funding to fight HIV/AIDS, the News reports. The report found that the South received only 19% of U.S. donations for HIV/AIDS in 2006 (Parks, Birmingham News, 7/20).

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Global Challenges

Russia Considers Ending Mandatory HIV Testing for Foreigners Entering Country

[Jul 21, 2008]

Following U.S. Senate approval of legislation to reauthorize the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief that includes a provision to ease HIV/AIDS-related travel restrictions, Russian government officials have said they are considering replicating the U.S. measure, "an indication that Russia may end mandatory HIV tests for foreign residents," the Moscow Times reports. According to the Times, European Union countries and some former Soviet republics, such as Azerbaijan, do not have entry restrictions for HIV-positive people. Russia remains one of a dozen countries -- including Libya, Saudi Arabia and Sudan -- that bar long-term stays and immigration to people living with HIV/AIDS.

Top HIV/AIDS officials for the Russian government have said it is "high time" that the country's restrictions be lifted. A spokesperson for the Health and Social Development Ministry said there are no current plans to rescind a 1995 law that requires foreign nationals to pass an HIV test to receive a visa to stay in Russia for more than three months. However, the Times reports that ministry officials are closely watching the PEPFAR legislation. An official said the ministry is waiting to see the details of the final U.S. bill before considering its own steps. "It is not clear yet whether the ban will be rescinded completely or the legislation will be changed through a number of amendments," an official said. Vadim Pokrovsky, head of the Federal AIDS Center and the country's top HIV/AIDS official, said, "If they will do it in the States, then it is very likely that it can happen in Russia, too." Pokrovsky said that the restrictions are a "violation of human rights because it limits the freedom of movement."

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