Lucas Barasa And Jonathan Konuche
26 October 2008
Nairobi — At least 473 children under five years of age die in Kenya every day due to preventable causes, a recent report reveals.
The report, titled "Countdown to 2015: The role of Parliamentarians in accelerating the attainment of MDGs 4 and 5 in Kenya", was compiled by the United Nations Children's Fund (Unicef), the World Health Organisation (WHO), the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), the Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation and that of Medical Services.
The report further indicates that one out of every nine children born alive dies before their fifth birthday, and that at the end of one hour, five more new-born babies will have died.
Preventable causes
It cites the following causes: complications in pregnancy and child birth, and newborn illness. It also cites pneumonia and diarrhoea, which account for 20 per cent and 17 per cent of the deaths respectively.
Other causes reported are malaria and HIV/Aids, which account for 14 per cent and 15 per cent of the deaths.
The report says malnutrition is also an underlying factor. Other preventable causes include lack of safe water, basic hygiene and sanitation and inability to access health services due to poor roads.
In addition, poor transport and communication systems, and low utilisation of health services due to lack of equipment, supplies and qualified staff.
Lack of knowledge on appropriate interventions that can save lives at household and community levels and harmful traditional practices, myths and misconceptions regarding reproductive and child health have also been cited as causes of child mortality.
And the report calls for urgent action if the situation is to be brought under control. Shortage of staff and sometimes availability of unskilled and unmotivated manpower at public hospitals should immediately be redressed, the report recommends.
It urges the authorities to look into the issue of poor infrastructure such as outdated facilities and equipment, referral system and poor communication.
It also calls for a fresh look into health financing. The report paints a grim picture of the situation, casting aspersions on the ability of the country to attain Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4 and 5, which aim at reducing child mortality and improving maternal health respectively by the year 2015.
This, according to the report, is because child mortality has been on the increase in the last 19 years and maternal mortality deteriorating within the same period.
According to the report, child deaths increased from 90 in every 1,000 births in 1990 to 121 in 2003. Maternal mortality stands at 560 in every 100,000 births.
The report says the situation can be rectified if there is political will among parliamentarians and other groups.
And with only seven years to 2015, which was set by the United Nations as the time the MDGs are supposed to have been met, attention now seems to shift to the lawmakers.
Blames lawmakers
The document says MPs should play a key role in coming up with the necessary legal and regulatory framework to accelerate the attainment of the goals.
According to the report, what has contributed to the deteriorating trend is a serious lack of awareness on the magnitude and impact of deaths of mothers and children.
It blames lawmakers for not prioritising maternal and child issues in the national budget. The report wants the MPs to ensure an adequate budget allocation for maternal and child health programmes.
It also requires them to address social determinants of health - water, sanitation, gender and poverty.
It also recommends that disparities and inequities in service delivery across the country, including the deployment of staff and incentive offers, be addressed.
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