Brian Kennedy
8 May 2009
interview
Washington, DC — Africa has taken "a major hit" from the global economic recession but it can weather the storm, says Erastus Mwencha, deputy chairperson of the African Union Commission. Mwencha visited Washington, DC recently for meetings with United States officials and leaders from international financial institutions. AllAfrica interviewed him on a range of issues, including the continent's regional organizations and piracy off Somalia. Excerpts:
Africa's economic growth has been strong over the past few years but many are worried that the continent is going to be hit by the worldwide recession. How badly will this downturn affect Africa?
Obviously Africa has had a major hit out of the world economic crisis manifesting itself in fostering reduced growth. As you mentioned Africa's performance in the last three to four years was in the range of 5.5 percent, but our current estimates are in the range of 3 percent, which is quite significant...
Africa is therefore very vulnerable and the worst aspects have also manifested themselves in reduced export earnings, reduced remittances, tourism, government budgets and so many others.
The recession also figures to affect aid and investment. What kind of help is Africa looking for to keep the economies on the continent growing?
We are happy in a way that the G20 process took into account Africa's participation and there is some language in the G20 communique that takes into account least-developed countries, but there are some three aspects that we would like to see clarified in that language.
One is [to see how] the G20 stimulus package would cover the African context. Secondly, in terms of resources that will be available for Africa, we know that there was $1.1 trillion that was earmarked , but we don't know how much of this is really earmarked for Africa and the processes for accessing these resources.
Where is the aid money needed the most right now?
The key sector that Africa needs is infrastructure. When I talk of infrastructure, I'm talking of energy, roads, railways and all that, that will help Africa integrate itself. And then of course integration doesn't require huge investment. What it requires is for countries to be able to address those elements that make it difficult for member countries belonging to various regional economic communities to implement their commitments.
What are the African Union's goals for its relationship with the United States?
In our dialogue here in the U.S. of course one of the things that we have looked at is... the World Trade Organization process [aimed at agreeing a new world trade deal] and the process of stimulus.
It's important that trade is not stifled. We have seen African trade with the U.S. decline sharply from U.S. $8 billion to $3 billion [a year], and that is going to have a significant effect on the ground.
The second aspect is the Millennium Challenge Account. We are encouraging and continue to impress upon the U.S. government that… [we should] have a regional component of it – it will have huge return with a regional perspective.
We are also focusing on how we can work together on matters of peace and security on the continent because it's only when we have a stable environment in Africa that we can have private sector investment.
On the subject of integration, we have seen major regional economic integration over the past few years. Do you think the rise of these economic blocks helps or hinders the mission of the AU?
First of all the African Union's main objective is to have integration of the continent and [to have a continent] that is free of conflict… that is prosperous and that is competitive globally. The African Union sees regional economic blocks as building blocks and we have a memorandum of understanding, we have a protocol that brings regional integration groupings to a common dialogue with the African Union to have a common vision.
That vision requires that we monitor, support and assist regional economic communities... There is scope for Africa to trade more with itself and if we are going to talk of this issue it can be done only within the context of regional groupings.
You don't see a risk in the groups hurting cross-regional trade on the continent?
No, because we have already taken steps, first of all to recognize eight regional groupings on the continent. We of course know that uniting the continent is... best done with some more regional groupings and then that's why they've become building blocks. So there's no contradiction between regional economic groupings and African Union.
In fact we have seen regional economic communities invite us to assist the process of coming to work together to remove contradictions that could be generated if they worked in isolation. In the last six months we have seen the East African Community, the Common Market for East and Southern Africa and the Southern African Development Community come together to agree to establish one customs union and they have invited us to assist them with that.
The chair of the African Union, Libyan leader Muammar al-Gaddafi has considered recognizing the new governments of Mauritania and Madagascar, both of which came to power through coups and extra-legal means. The AU itself has taken a different stance. Is this a problem?
I think what is important is what the African Union is saying. All of us can have our individual opinions… I think even if you took any issue in the U.S, you cannot get complete consensus of 100 percent. Individuals will always have their own perspective.
I think the AU's stand is very clear... [It is to] suspend that country from the grouping, and of course what we then… do is assist that country to put back the constitutional process. That is what we are doing in Madagascar; that's what we are doing in Mauritania.
Piracy off the coast of Somalia has been a huge story. What kind of things can the AU do to help fight the piracy and also to help Somalia?
I think it is to strengthen the Somali government... We are working to strengthen AU forces on the ground and also to support the Somali government to put in place a mechanism that they can police that they can be in charge of their own environment.
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COMPREHENSIVE REPARATIONS - White Europeans need spiritual reparations
- Black Africans need spiritual & financial reparations
A. Appendix of Uncle Tom's Cabin Lists Companies who engaged in slavery
B. NAACP & Black African Newspapers - records & details of lynchings
1. Post Emancipation Slavery Cases (Convict Labor System Continues) via Modern Slavery Owners
2. Prison Stock Wall Street
3. No Statute of Limitations on Murder ;[ LYNCHINGS ]
BOOKNOTES FROM THE BOOK (and other sources) 100 YEARS OF LYNCHING BY RALPH GINZBURG
[A H victims ] - THEIR LOCATIONS & DATES
* Henry Askew Mississippi City, MS June 10, 1900
* Walter Allen Rome, GA Apr 1, 1902
* Herman Arthur (1892) Hodges Farm - Paris, TX July 6, 1920
* Irving Arthur (1901) Hodges Farm - Paris, TX July 6, 1920
* Charles Atkins (1907) Davisboro , GA May 18, 1922
* Henry Argo (1911) Chickasha , OK May 31, 1930
* George Armwood (1909) Princess Anne, MD Oct 18, 1933
* Will Burks (1881) Greenwood,SC Feb 18, 1900
* James Bailey Lake Cormorant, TX July 15, 1914
* Jeff Brown Cedar Bluff, MS Apr 1, 1916
* Cleveland Butler Dublin, GA July 2, 1919
* Will Brown Omaha, NE Oct, 1919
* William Bowles Eagle Lake, FL ????????
* Jake Brooks Oklahoma City, OK Jan 17, 1922
* Parks Banks Yazoo City, MS Aug 22, 1922
* Albert Blades Osceola, AR June 2, 1926
* Willie Bryan (1906) Darien, GA Sept 10, 1930
* Norris Bendy Clinton, SC July 5, 1933
* Richard Coleman (1879) Maysville, KY Dec 6, 1899
* Elijah Clark (1880) Huntsville, AL June 23, 1900
* Ballie Crutchfield Nashville, TN March 16, 1901
* Dusty Crutchfield - Hamilton, GA Jan 23, 1912
* Eugene Carter Pierce City, MO Aug 10, 1901
* Tom Clark Corinth,MS Sept 28, 1904
* Luther Colbert & His Wife Eastland Plantation - Doddsville, MS July 7, 1914
* William Carr Planquemines, LA March 17, 1906
* James Comeaux Jennings, LA Aug 28, 1913
* Henry Crosby Parkinsville, KY Sept 21, 1913
* Mary Conley Arlington, GA Oct 4, 1916
* Lloyd Clay (1895) Jackson, MS June 4, 1919
* Eli Cooper Eastman, GA - Burned Lodges & Churches too Aug 29, 1919
* Dallas Cooksey Johnson City, TN Oct 28, 1920
* Shap Curry (1896) King Ranch - Kirvin, TX May 6, 1922
* John Cornish (1903) King Ranch - Kirvin, TX May 6, 1922
* Samuel Carter (1877) Bronson, FL - This actual lynching was depicted In the movie Rosewood Jan 4, 1923
* Lindsay Coleman Nicholas Plantation - Clarksdale, MS Dec 19, 1928
* Henry Choate (1909) Columbia, TN Nov 12, 1927
* Cord Cheeck (1913) Columbia, TN Dec 15, 1933
* John Criggs (ca. 1904) Newton, TX - Worked At Box Factory June 21, 1934
* Richard Dickerson Springfield, OH Feb 7, 1904 ?
* Jim Durfee Angleton , TX Oct 14, 1914
* Frank Dodd DeWitt, AR Oct 9, 1914
* George Dorsey (1919) & Wife - Monroe, GA July 27, 1946
* Charles Evan Norway, SC July 2, 1903
* Ruben Elrod Piedmont, SC July 2, 1903
* Warren Eton Monroe, LA Oct 22, 1913
* Charles Fisher Marshall, TX April 29, 1914
* John Foreman + 1 / - Nowata, OK Sept 30, 1916
* Jim Fox Louisville, MS June 13, 1927
* Mark Fox Louisville , MS June 13, 1927
* Gulley (whole name unkown) Pierce City, MO Aug 10, 1901
* Richard Galloway + 1 / Beaumont, TX June 6, 1913
* Wilson Gardner Birmingham, AL Aug 25, 1913
* Willie Green Cowards, SC Dec 6, 1914
* Ernest Glenwood ? Americus, GA Oct 3, 1919
* Philip Gathans ? Rincon, GA June 21, 1920
* George Gay (1897) Fairfield, TX Dec 14, 1922
* George Grant Darien, GA Sept 10, 1930
* David Gregory Beaumont, TX Dec 8, 1933
* Sam Holt Newman, GA Apr 23, 1899
* Belle Hathaway Hamilton, GA Jan 23, 1912
* Eugene Hamming Hamilton, GA Jan 23, 1912
* Hammet, Jess ? Vivian, LA Aug 26, 1916
* George Holden Monroe, LA May 1, 1919
* Robert Hicks (1896) Lake Village, AR Nov 29, 1921
* Len Hart (1889) Jacksonville, FL Aug 25, 1913
* George Hughes (1889) Sherman, TX May 10, 1930
* Ellwood Higginbotham Oxford, MS Sept 18, 1935
[I Q victims ] - THEIR LOCATIONS & DATES
* Ron Jacobs Tylertown, Mississippi - Nov 10, 1920
* Henry Jacobs Tylertown, Mississippi - Nov 23, 1920
* Richard James Versailles, KY Mar 13, 1921
* Moses Jones King Ranch, Kirvin, TX May 6, 1922
* Joe Love Clarksdale, MS June 9, 1934
* Wesley Johnson Montgomery, AL June 4, 1937
* Ray Newsome H.A. Woods FarmPinetta, FL Oct 1, 1921
* Nash Nelson (1909) Ringgold, LA Feb 20, 1933
* Andrew McCloud (1908) Bastrop, LA July 9, 1934
* Claude Neal (1911) Marianna, FL Oct 27, 1934
* Bootjack McDaniels Duck Hill, MS Apr 14, 1937
* Wilder McGowan (1914) Wiggins, MS Nov 22, 1938
* Roger Malcolm (1919) & His Wife Monroe, GA July 27, 1916
Warren ? (1906) New Dacus, TX June 24, 1922
An African American - Pilot Point, TX Dec 29, 1922
Clarence ? Aiken, SC Oct 8, 1926
Bertha ? Aiken, SC Oct 8, 1926
Demon ? Aiken, SC Oct 8, 1926
Willie Kirkland Magnolia Gardens, GA Sept 25, 1936 ?
??? - Ninety-Six, SC Oct 9, 1933
Wylie McNeely (1902) Leesburg, TX Oct 11, 1921
John Peterson Demark, SC ca. 1899
F.D. McLand - Shreveport, LA June 19, 1901
John Pennington Enterprise, AL August 7, 1901
Pierce City African Americans Pierce City, MO August 20,1901
Dudley Morgan Lansing, TX May 22, 1902
Ed Johnson Knoxville, TN March 19, 1906
Judge James Pine Bluff, AR March 26, 1910
1520 Negroes Slocum-Denisons Springs-Palestine,TX7/31/1910
Honea Path Augusta, GA November 13, 1916 ?
John Moore Hamilton, GA January 23, 1912
Tom Miles Shreveport, LA April 9, 1912
A/A Man Jackson, GA May 4, 1912
Willis Perkins Sheffield, AL Sept, 1912
Walter Johnston Princeton, WVA September 7, 1912
???? Perrys Marshall, TX February 27, 1913
Joe & John Perry Henderson, NC March 12, 1913
Richard Puckett Laurens, SC August 12, 1913
Lige Lane Clinton County, GA 1913
Charley Jones Groveton, GA May 8, 1914
Watson Lewis Sylvester, GA? December 13, 1914
Felix Lake Sylvester, GA - January 22, 1916
Frank Lake Sylvester, GA - January 22, 1916
Dewer Lake Sylvester, GA - January 22, 1916
Major Lake Sylvester, GA - January 22, 1916
Oscar Martin Idabel, OK April 4, 1916
Two A/As Paducah, KY October 16, 1916
Will Powell Montgomery, AL July 25, 1917
Jesse Powell Montgomery, AL July 25, 1917
Ell Persons Memphis, TN May 18, 1917
Jim McIlherron Estill Springs, TN February 13, 1918
William Little Blakely, GA April 4, 1919
[R Z (victims ] - THEIR LOCATIONS & DATES
Wells, George Weir City, KS October 30, 1899
Rice, Louis Ripley, TN March 24, 1900
Russ, Ed Mississippi City, MS June 10, 110
Sanders, John + (1?) Sneads, FL June, 1900
Reid, George Rome, GA January 4, 1900
Ward, George Terre Haute, IN February 27, 1900
Smith, Frank Prophet- Shreveport, LA June 19, 1901
Wyatt, David S, - Belleville, IL June 8, 1900
White, George F. Wilmington, DE June 20, 1903
Steers, Jennie Beard Plantation/Shreveport, LA- July 27, 1903
A/A Residents Whitesboro , TX August 12, 1904
Winters, John Eastland Plantation/Doddsville, MS Feb 7, 1904
A/A Residents Springfield, OH February 9, 1904
Nine (9) A/As St. Charles , AR March 25, 1904
Richardson, Grant Braehead, AL October 13, 1910
Verge , Sam Demopolis, AL August 4, 1911
Qualken, Zachariah Coatesville, PA August 14, 1911
Rufficant , ? Wetumpka, AL November 11, 1912
Ricker, David (1883) Houston, TX February 8, 1913
Williams, Andrew Houston, TX February, 1913
Tyson, Charles (secret lynching) Shreveport, LA 2/16/1913
Redding , William (4 wounded) Americus, GA June 21, 1913
Swanson, Virgil Greenville , GA August 27, 1913
Scott, Marie Muskogee, OK March 13, 1914
Sullivan, Fred & Wife Byhalia, MS November 25, 1914
Reed, Young Cedar Keys, FL February 26, 1915
Sheffield , Caesar Lake Park, GA April 17, 1915
Wilton, Mallie? Dresden, TN September 8, 1915
Stevenson, Cordelia Columbus, MS December 18, 1915
Wasshington, Jesse Waco, TX - May 15, 1916
Smith, Bert Goose Creek, TX - October 12, 1917
Washington, Berry Eastman, GA May, 1919
Scott, Henry Atlantic Coastline R/R , FL May 8, 1920
Roach, Edward (1896) Durham, NC July 8, 1920
Roland, Jim Camillia, GA February 13, 1921
Slater, Phil (1871) Monticelle, AR March 17, 1921
Smith, Leroy (1907) McGhee, AR May 27, 1921
Williams, John Henry Moultrie, GA June 20, 1921
Winn, Alexander Coolidge, TX August 16, 1921
Wothfield, Jerome Winstron, NC August 18, 1921
Turner, Will Helena, AR November 19, 1921
Rouse, Fred Armour Packing Ft. Worth, TX Dec 12, 1921
Thomas , Jesse + 1 - Waco, TX May 27, 1922
West, John Hope, AR July 28, 1922
Wright, Charles Perry, FL September 14, 1922
Young, Albert Perry, FL September 14, 1922
Scott, James T. Columbia, MO April 29, 1923
Warner, Lloyd St. Joseph, MO November 29, 1933
Thomas, Isaac Clarksdale, MS June 9, 1934
Sanders, James (1909) Bolton, MS July 16, 1934
Young, Ab Slayden, MS March 12, 1935
Tyrone, R.J. Hattiesburg, MS April 24, 1935
Shaw, Lint (1891) Colbert, GA April 28, 1934
Townes, Roosevelt Duck Hill, MS October 14, 1934
Williams, A.C. Quincy, FL 1934?
VICTIMS , THEIR LOCATIONS & DATES
* UNKNOWN AFRICAN AMERICANS LYNCHED *
- 1 Person - Eastman, GA Sept 11, 1903
- 3 Persons Doddsville, MS Feb 7, 1904
- 4 Persons Dady, FL (Also many A/As left town) Aug 4, 1910
- 2 Persons Hartwell, GA (1 beaten) Jan 3, 1916
- 6 Persons - Blakely, GA (Also Lodge & Church Burned) Jan 3, 1916
* An African-American R/R Porter Atlantic Coastline R/R (FL) May 8, 1920
[As pay got better for R/R workers, many A/As Were terrorized or killed Hence we now have mostly White Railroad Workers]
* Joe Pop Omaha, NE Oct 10, 1891
* Ed _____ - Black River Section Of Williamsburg County Jan 13, 1927
* [Unknown] Columbus, MS July 22, 1933
* [Unknown] Franklinton, LA Jan 11, 1933
* [Unknown ] Savannah, GA March 30, 1902
Unknown Wetumpka, AL November 11, 1912
A/A Woman Wagner, OK April, 1914
Sea????, ____- Sylvester, GA January 22, 1916
One(1) A/A - Stuttgart, AR Late August , 1916
A/A Brakeman Yazoo & MS Valley R/R - March 17, 1921
_____, Albert - Perry, FL September 14, 1922
Unknown Streetman, TX December 11, 1922 Swa???, Henry Palm Beach , FL Circa 1923
MOBS OUT OF CONTROL
Places ,Dates & Estimates of the total crowd(s)
STATE CITY/COUNTY DATE CROWD
ALABAMA Huntsville 7/23/1900 1,500 Montgomery 5/22/? 1,500
ARKANSAS Nodema 1/27/1921 500 Texarkana 7/28/1922 100
DELEWARE Wilmington 6/22/1903 2,000
FLORIDA Marianna 10/27/1934 7,000
GEORGIA Newman 4/23/1899 2,000 Rome 1/3/1901 150 Rome 4/1/1902 4,000 Hamilton 1/23/1912 100 Eastman 7/14/1901 50 Americus 6/21/1913 500 Rincon 6/21/1920 5,000 Davisboro 5/18/1922 200 Royston 4/28/1936 100
KENTUCKY Maysville 12/7/1899 2,000 Versailles 3/13/1921 50
LOUISIANA Shreveport 6/19/1901 200 Shreveport 8/26/1916 1,000 Sylvester 12/12/1914 200 Bastrop 7/9/1934 3,000 Ringgold 3/1/1933 1,500
MARYLAND Princess Anne 10/18/1933 3,000 Salisbury 11/28/1933 500
MOBS OUT OF CONTROL
Places ,Dates & Estimates of the total crowd(s) STATE CITY/COUNTY DATE CROWD
MISSISSIPPI Biloxi 6/10/1900 100 Clarksdale 6/9/1934 150 Doddsville 2/7/1904 1,000 Vicksburg 5/15/1919 1,000 Winon 4/13/1937 100
MISSOURI Columbia 4/29/1923 500 Maryville 1/31/1931 3,000 St. Joseph 11/29/1933 10,000
NEBRASKA Omaha 10/10/1891 10,000
NORTH CAROLINA Roxboro 7/8/1920 200 Winston 8/18/1921 2,000
OHIO Lima 8/31/1916 3,000
OKLAHOMA Chickasha 5/31/1930 1,000
SOUTH CAROLINA Columbia 2/18/1900 250
TENNESSEE Estill Springs 2/12/1918 2,000
TEXAS Corsicana 3/13/1901 5,000 El Campo ??? 300 Ft. Worth (Armour Packing) 12/17/1921 30 Goose Creek 10/12/1917 800 Houston 2/8/1913 1,000 Houston 6/24/1922 300 Kirvin 5/6/1922 500 Lansing 5/22/1902 4,000 Newton 6/21/1934 200 Palestine 7/31/1910 300 Paris 1/6/1920 3,000 Streetman 12/14/1922 1,500 Waco 5/15/1916 15,000
MISCELLANEOUS
1 Mass Exodus Of African Americans resulting in major losses of properties. a) Yazoo City, MS August 10, 1923
2) African Americans Homes and/or Churches Burned a) Sherman , TX May 10, 1930 b) Winnsboro, SC June 14, 1932
HEROES , THEIR LOCATIONS & DATES
NAME (S) LOCATION DATE
Sheriff Ely Lima, OH 8/31/1916
14 Year Old Sheriffs Daughter Columbia,SC Jan, 1917
Grover C. Fain (Police Captain) Atlanta,GA 9/10/1930
Sheriff Hood & 6 Deputies Winnsboro,SC ??
Police Whitesboro,TX 8/13/1903
Dr. James W. Reid Lowell, NC 3/26/1933
Mayor Edward P. Smith Omaha,NE 9/29/1919
Governor Stanley Murray, KY Jan, 1917
Sheriff R.J. White Spartanburg,SC 8/18/1913
[This inspiring poem was featuring in the movie Coach Carter ]
Our Deepest Fear Is Not That We Are Inadequate, Our Deepest Fear Is That We Are Powerful Beyond Measure. It Is Our Light , Not Our Darkness That Most Frightens Us.
We Ask Ourselves, Who Am I To Be Brilliant, Gorgeous, Talented, And Fabulous ?
Actually Who Are We Not To Be ? You Are A Child Of God.
Your Playing Small Doesnt Serve The World.
There Is Nothing Enlightened About Shrinking So That Other People Wont Feel Insecure Around You.
We Are All Meant To Shine, As Children Do.
We Were Born To Make Manifest The Glory Of God That Is Within Us.
Its Not Just In Some Of Us; Its In Everyone.
And When We Let Our Own Light Shine We Unconsciously Give Other People Permission To Do The Same.
And As We Are Liberated From Our Own Fear, Our Presence Automatically Liberates Others
- Marianne Williamson -
[NOTE BEING AFRAID AND REFUSING TO GET INVOLVED WONT STOP US FROM DYING. BUT BEING AFRAID CAN PREVENT US FROM LIVING]
(Nkosi Sikeleli Africa )
God bless Africa May her glory be lifted high Hear our petitions .
God bless us, Your children God we ask You to protect our nation Intervene and end all conflicts Protect us, protect our nation, our nation.
From the blue of our heaven, From the depths of our sea, Over our eternal mountain ranges, Where the cliffs give answer.
Sounds the call to come together, And united we shall stand, Let us live and strive for freedom, In South Africa our land.
[Enoch Mankayi Sontonga]
[http://www.infowars.com/infowars.asx] / [gcnlive.com] / [http://alexjonesringtones.net/]
WAKE UP ! STAY UP MY BROTHERS & SISTERS ! BE SELF-SUFFICIENT IN THE KINGDOM OF HEAVEN.
- Life Is a Game. Have Fun. [ Luke 18:17 / Isaiah 11:6 ]
In reference to the Continent-Wide integration of Africa, I submit, it can be done in as little as four (4) years. I realized that the regional blocks are playing their parts, but that road, though necessary is just too long a road to take. Regional Cooperation is only one arm for overall African Integration, but it must be under the United Africa Continent (UAC)- the new name for all Country-States in Africa. Making Africa One in name will allow Africans to fight harder to see that the continent is truly united.
How can Africa be totally united in 4 years:
1st year - all current heads of states must reliquish power to their deputies after forming and becoming members in the higest body of the New African Government. They will give that new body a name and certify that the official name for Africa is the UAC. With that done, the new body of presidents must select one Supreme justice from each country-state to write the UAC Constitution with their imput. After that is done, a framework of Continental, National and Local political structures must be formed and member states must adopt these structures before the end of the third year. The deputies will now become Prime Ministers and will see to it that the political infrastructure is in place for continent wide elections in the fourth year.
2nd year - Members of the highest body, will put into place all necessary organs and branches within the limit of the constitution to enhance the productivity of all Africans. This new body, must give way to the Tri-Level Government. Three Presidents: one domestic, one foreign and one general. The general presidentwill be the head of the tri-level government and will determine the course the UAC will go. After bringing the continent together, the highest body, will have two important roles: No war can be started without their approval and the right to remove any president with a 2/3 majority of voters from the regional block that president is from.
3rd year - Africa must develop a security body with as many different branches as the constitution will allow in accordance with the higest body. There should be a continent army, air force, navy. All other security forces must be a join effort between all the presidents of the UAC. The UAC must develop an unbreakable alliance with the Unite States. Africa must Protect America and America must Protect Africa.
4th year - The first three months all local elections must take place. The second three months all national elections must take place. The third three months all regional elections must take place. The fourth three months the Continental Goverment must be elected.
Africa is a continent, it cannot be call the United States of Africa. There is already on USA. However, UAC - United Africa Continent is an appropriate name for Africa. Africa can be united and that can only be done with the current heads of states coming together to accelerate the process and bring needed prosperity to all Africans and the Continent.