The Norwegian oil and gas industry is considered one of the most successful globally, largely due to the prudent management of the resource, revenue and the robust health, safety and environmental regulatory regime it has in place. The country first found oil in the 1960's in the vicious North Sea and has increasingly improved in the use of best technologies to harness the resource to reduce the negative social and environmental impacts that normally characterise exploration of oil and gas globally. The Norwegian Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) regulation for the offshore industry is considered by many as the best module for its effectiveness and holistic approach to addressing occupational health, safety and environment issues.
This definition of the Norwegian Model may be broadened by identifying four principal features which are central to its continuing success: a unified trade union movement with a much higher degree of organization than in most industrialised nations, a long tradition of collective bargaining, tripartite regulation of disputes through co-operation of state, trade unions and employers and consultation by the government of trade unions and employers on economic policy.
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