Mali: After Tombs, Manuscripts Are Rebels' Next Target

Members of the group Ansar Dine have destroyed the mausoleums of Sufi saints in Timbuktu for a second day.  Sunday's destruction, utilising pick ... ( Resource: Continued Destruction of Mali Shrines Called 'War Crime'

The city of Timbuktu in northern Mali is not only home to historic mosques and sacred tombs, but also an enormous collection of old manuscripts that illustrate the rich intellectual history of the region. All of this is now under threat from a wave of barbarism by salafists who have seized control of northern Mali.

European historians long claimed that Africa had no written history or intellectual tradition and that the first light of civilisation arrived there with the European colonisation. But if there is one city in Africa that dispels this myth, it is Timbuktu.

Centre of intellectual life

This city on the northernmost part of the river Niger, at the edge of the Sahara, was a thriving centre of commerce from the 13th century. There, Arabs from the north traded with various African tribes in gold, salt and other commodities. Europeans first arrived to the city in the 19th century, but Arabic scribes like the famous Moroccan explorer Ibn Battuta described the city with admiration some five hundred years earlier.

Timbuktu is best known for its historic mosques and mausoleums, where Sufi saints are entombed. But only recently did people realize that, aside from a centre of trade, the city was also a significant centre of intellectual life. In the late 1990s, an international research team found a number of private libraries where prominent families from Timbuktu kept tens of thousands of medieval manuscripts. Written in Arabic and in African languages, the manuscripts showed the world that 13th-century West African scholars were deeply engaged in the study of religious subjects but also logic, mathematics, astronomy, medicine and natural sciences.

Fundamentalist Salafism

West African Islam has been deeply influenced by Sufism, the mystical branch of Islam that favours a metaphorical interpretation of the Qur'an and focuses on the spiritual development of the individual. West African Sufism is also known for its cult of the Marabouts, 'enlightened' individuals who mediate between God and humankind and who are also worshipped after they die.

The groups who have now seized power in northern Mali are followers of a very different movement: fundamentalist Salafism from Saudi Arabia. Their brand of Islam has no historical roots in West Africa and it rejects Sufism and the mystical veneration of saints as a heresy.

It is the fundamentalist Islam imported from Saudi Arabia and its animosity towards Sufism that has led to the tragic destruction of irreplaceable symbols of West Africa's cultural heritage. Salafist literalists have already destroyed at least three historical mausoleums and they say they intend to raze them all to the ground. Historic mosques and libraries with manuscripts are not safe from these barbarians either. The manuscripts would fetch a fortune on the black market. There is a risk that important testimonies of a rich African scholarly tradition will disappear forever.

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  • shabakasunyani
    Jul 12 2012, 02:23

    The writer is wrong in a sense. Those Muslims of old were fundamentalist and did not deviate from the sunnah. Like Usman an Fadio, Mohammad Bello, Askia Muhammad. Anyone that deviates from the sunnah and develops there own style of Islam is practicing bidah!

    If the Mujahideen destroy the manuscripts as predicted by the author, I would be shocked at this development.

    Recently, I saw a program that interviewed some of the Mujahideen in Timbuktu and they say many of the reports against them are false.

    Lastly, I wonder who is right but one thing for sure, the west prefers to see Muslims acting outside the scope of the sunnah and they prefer to see them mix mystical portions with Islam so that way they can be controlled. Fundamentalist Muslims can't be controlled so those enemies of Islam begin to use smire campaignes against the Mujahideen!

  • ras sideeq
    Jul 11 2012, 12:33

    THE AUTHOR IS RIGHT IN A LOT OF THINGS BUT TIMBUKTU WAS THRIVING WAY BEFORE THE THE 13THE CENTURY AND WHEN WE HEAR TALK OF OUR IGNORANTS WE MUST REMEMBER THAT ARABIC AMHARIC ARE ALL WRITTEN LANGUAGES OF BLACK AFRICANS. WE MUST NOT FORGET THE HYROGIPHICS WHICH WAS A WRITTEN LANGUAGE ADND THE ANCIENT HEBREW LANGUAGES WHICH THE GREEKS FIRST INTERPRETED AND THEN THE ROMANS. WE MUST NOT BE FOOLISH TO LSITEN TO THESE RACIST NON PRACTICAL OR BELIEVEABLE SPIN FROM ENSLABVERS PIRATES DRUG DEALERS PILLAGERS PLUNDERERS. TODAY WE KNOW FOR A FACT THAT WE HAVE BEEN THE CORNER STONE OF ALL OF THE EARTHS ANCIENT AND EVEN NEW EMPIRES. CONTRARY TO POPULAR TALK ABOUT HUNTER GATHERERS WE HAVE BEEN THE PRIME INVENTORS SCIENTIST ARCHAEOLOGIST FOR CENTRUIES M9LLIONS OF YERAS. WHEN WE LEFT AFRICA HUDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF YEARS AGO WE THE AFRICAN TRAVELED WITH DESIGN NOT SOME MIGRATTION TO HUNT AND GATHER. WE HAVE ANCIENT STONE BUILDINGS ALL OVER THE WORLD INCLUDING EUROPE THE ESPECIALLY THE MEDITERRRANEAN. HIS TORY BEING TAUGHT BY IGNORANT ENSLAVERS IS NO HISTORY AT ALL. WHEN NAPOLEAN WENT INTO EGYPT THE FIRST THING HE DID WAS TO DESTROY THE SHPHYNXS' BECAUSE IN HIS WORDS " THEY LOOK TO NEGORID". LET US MAKE IT CLEAR THEY CAME AND SAW A LOT OF THINGS. THEY WERE THE ONES WHO WERE HUNTER GATHERERS THIS IS WHY THEY HAVE THIS BELIEF THAT EVERYONE ON THE PLANET EXCELLED OR ACCESSED EDUCATION AT THE SAME TIME. IN AFRICA DURING THE FIRST CRUSADE THEY DESTROYED MANY OF CITIES AND CHANGE MANY THINGS IN AFRICA THEY LOOTED AFRICA. AFTER THIER SECOND CRUSADE THEYD ECIDED TO MAKE AFRICA THIER DESTINY. REASON WHY WE SEE PAINTINGS WITH JESUS AS BEING WHITE WAS BECAUSE OF THE CRUSADERS THE ROMANS WHO MICHAEL ANGELO POTRAYED AS WHITE BECAUSE HE WAS WHITE NOT BECAUSE THIS WAS SO. THE CHRISTIAN MOVEMENT WHICH WAS ALSO IN TURKEY ETHIOPIA EGYYPT KUSH WHICH IS SOUTH SUDAN NORTH SUDAN WAS ALL PART AND PARCEL OF THESE BLACK KINGS ACCEPTING CHRISTIANITY VIA THE CRUSADE AND THIER ARTIST. THERE ARE MANY ARTIFACTS THAT THEY HAVE MOST ORHTODOX CHURCHES ORIGINALY HQAD BLACK PAINTINGS ON THIER WALLS PAINTINGS OF BLACK MAN. THEY HAVE THE ORIGINAL BLACK MADONA WHICH WAS THE PAINTINSG AND ARTIFACTS OF THE BLACK QUEEN WITH HER BLACK SON WE MUST GO FURTHER INTO HISTORY WHEN AFRICA WAS INTEGRATED , WE HAVE PAINTINGS ON WALLS IN ALGERIA WHICH DEPICTS EGYPTINAS ON THIER BRIDLED HORSES. GOING FAR INTO ANTIQUITY THE EVIDENCE IS KNOWN TO THE WHITES BUT THEY SIT ON IT. THEY TRY DESPERAELY TO DISPELL THE TRUTH. WHAT WE ARE SEEING IN MALI TODAY WAS EXACTLY WHAT HAPPENED WHEN THE WHITE MSULIMS WHO SPEAK ARABIC ATTACKED AND BURNED THE LIBRARY OF TIMBUKTO THESE WERE THEY WHO EVENTUALLY WENT INTO EUROPE AND LOST THE PLACE TO THE CHRISTAIN QUEEN. ANOTHER KNOWN THING IS THESE ARE THE SAME PEWOPLE THEY THE EUROPEANS WANT TO SAY WERE THE BUILDERS OF EUROPE, THE GREAT TEACHERS OF SCIENCE ARCHITECTURE CULTURE BUILDERS OF MAGNIFCENT PALACES AND GARDENS .THESE THINGS THAT WERE BUILT BY THESE GREAT BLACK MANS' FROM WEST AFRICA. EGYPT WAS ALWAYS PART OF AFRICAN HISTORY ALWAYS. WE ALWAYS HAD TO REINSPIRE AFRIACN CULTURE EVERYTIME THE CITIES FELL TO WHITE INVADERS. THEY DID NOT KNOW HOW TO BUILD PYRAMIDS OR REVIGORATE THE CULTURE ,WHICH THEY STILL DO NOT KNOW HOW TO ,UNTILL TODAY. THE SECRET OF THE PYRAMID STILL ELLUDES THEM. ROMANS GREEKS DID NOT KNOW THE SECRET OF THE PYRAMID BUILDING AND THEY RULED FOR QUITE SOME TIME. WHAT IS SO AMAZING ABOUT THIER RETELLING OF THE HISTORY OF AFRICA ,IS THAT THE BUILDERS OF THE BLACK PYRAMIDS LEARNED FORM WHITE EGYPT, WISHFULL THINKING; THAT THEY IN THE TIME SPAN ALLOTED TO THEM BY WHITES . THEY AFFORDED THEM A VERU MINIMUM SPACE IN WHICH THEY CLAIM ALL THESE GREAT ARCHTITECTURAL WORKS WAS DONE. THE TIME WAS SO MIUNIMUM THAT THEY MUST HAVE BUILT A PYRAMID EVERY YEAR FOR SOME TIME. THIER KINGS DIED EVERY YEAR IF WE WERE TO BELIVE THIER BULL SHIT. THE NUMBER OF PYRAMIDS IN SUDAN EXCELLS THE NUMBERS OF PYRAMIDS IN EGYPT. THEY SANK TRHE BLACK CITY OF MEROE TO DESTROY ANY KNOWLEDGE OF BLACK GRETANESS. WHAT THEY WERE AFRAID OF WAS THE EGYPT WAS A CONTINUATION OF THE GRETA BLACK MEPIRES AND CIVILIZATIONS THAT DOTTED ALL AFRICA . MANY HAS BEEN LOST TO THE SAHARA THEY DO NOT STILL UNDERTSAND THE FULL NESS OF EGYPTIAN AFRICAN HISTORY . THEY WANT TO UNDRMINE THE TRUTH BECAUSE IT IS SO BITTER FOR THEM TO SWALLOW. HISTORY IS ALWAYS WRITTEN THRU THE EYES OF THE VICTOR SO WE WILL CONTRIUE TO HEART ALOT OF BS UNTILL WE REWRITE OUR OWN HISTORY AND LACE IT WITH TRUTH. WHEN WE UPLIFT ORUSELVES STOP BEING DEPENDENT AND ALLOWING THEM TO DICTAE TO US HOW WE SHOUDL LIVE WHO WE SHOUDL TALK AS IF WE ARE THIER GIRLS OR THIER CHILDREN. SCIENTIST FROM EVERY BRACNH OF SOCIETY RECOGNISE THAT WE AS AFRICANS ARE THE PARENT TREE OF HUMANITY. WHEN WE GO INTO THE KALAHRI DESERT WE SEE A PEOPLE WHO RESEMBLES IN EVERY WAY THE CHINESE AND EVEN SOUND LIKE THEM THEY HAVE SLANTY EYES AND THE ONLY DIFFERNCE IS SHADE. THE CHINESE ACCEPT THAT THEY ARE FROM AFRICA ORIGIANLLY THIS MAKES THEM PROUD WHY ?? THEY KNOW THEY ARE NOT FROM MONKEY OR ANY ANIMAL; LIFE OTHER THEN HUMANITY!!!! HWO GRETA IS THIS?? THESE UNEDUCATED FOOLS WHOM ARE BEING PAID BY THE WEST AND THOSE IN QATAQR AND THE GULF STATES ARE COUNTER PRODUCTIVE TO THE AWARENESS OF BLACK REALITY WORLD WIDE. THEY ARE ALSO SELL OUTS THEY ALL COME FROM THE ORIGINAL BLACK ARABS WHO SETTELED THE GULF WHOM DELIVERD TRUTH TO THE WHITEER SKINNED WHO CAME FROM THE BALKANS AND WHO WERE SO UNCIVILIZED THEY IT WAS UNBELIEVABLE. THEY WERE INCESTUOUS THEY PRACTICED BEASTIALITY THEY DID EVERYTHING UNDER THE SUN WHAT WAS IMMORAL. THE RIGHTEOUSS TEACHERS WHOM WERE ALSO DECENADANTS OF THE TRUE ISRAELITES WHO BROUGHT ENLIGHTENMENT TO THE WORLD. THE HOLY QARAAN HAS NOT BEEN TRANSCRIBED IN ALL ITS GLORY MAN RESERVED CERTAIN TRUTHS WHEN THEY STARTED TO PRINT THE QUARAAN INTO WORDS. THE QAURAAN WAS ILLUSTRATED IN ARABIC WHICH WAS THE LANGHIAGE OF THE PEOPLE WHO PRACTICED THE ANCIENT TRUTH OF WHAT ISRAEL WAS ALL ABOUT. WHAT YOU ALSO NEED TO KNOW THAT THERE WERE MANY IN ETHIOPIA WHO SPOKE AMHARIC WHICH ALSO WERE ISRAEL AND IN WEST AFRICA WHOM FLED SUDAN AND JERUSALEM WHEN THE ROMANS DESTROYED THE TMEPLES OF JURUSALEM. WE MUST NEVER STOP KNOWNG OUR LONG AND INETERTWINED HISTORY. AFRICA WAS ENJOINED FROM THER VERY BEGINNING WE DIDI NOT JUST ARRIVE IN A BUNCH OF SEPERATEIST PEOPLE. WHEN CAIN WAS FRCED TO LEAVE THERE WER OTHER PEOPLE WHOM HE SOUGHT REFUGE WITH. WHEN ADAAM WAS FORCED TO LEAVE THE GARDEN WHICH WAS INTHE RIFT VALLEY HE WENT TO WHERE WE MIGHT SAY IS THE MID EAST WHERE THERE TOO WERE PEOPLE. THE BOOKS OF THE BIBLE IS GENEOLGY OF THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL NO MORE. THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL EVNTUALLY FOUND THE PROMISED LAND WHICH WAS THE SOUTH OF EGYPT WHERE IN AFRICA THE GREAT KINGDOMS OF BLACK AFRICA WAS BUILDING. WHAT WE MUST RECOGNISE IS THAT EVEN IN BIBLICAL HISTORY WHICH THE YEARS ARE UNTOLD AS THEY WERE BEFORE WE CAN IDENTIFY AS A CERTAIN PERIOD IN HSITORY. WHAT WE KNWO FROM BIBLICAL TEXT THAT THE TRUTH OF ISRAEL WAS FOUND IN EGYPT THERE WERE PAHROAHS WHO STARTED THE PRACTICE OF MONOTHEISM WE KNOW FROM WRITTEN HISTORY IN EGYPT THAT THIS WAS A BLACK RELIGION SO WE KNOW THAT ISRAEL WAS A BLACKL PEOPLE. THE SAME WAY WE KNOW THAT WRITTEN KNOWLDGE WAS GIVEN TO ALL POUR BROTHERS AND SISTER AROUND THE WORLD WHENW E BROUGHT THEM KNOWLEDGE FROM AFRICA . W SAW THIS ENDED IN EUROPE WHN THE MOORS WERE DEFEATED BY THE SPANIARDS . WE LOST OUR EMPIRES IN SOUTH AMERICA WHEN THE SPANIARDS AND PORTUGESE CAME INTO THESE LANDS. WE TAUGHT THE NATIVES HOW TO BUILD MIEN READ WRITE. WE MUST ALL RAED A BOOK CALLED THE LAST MAYAN . IT DETAILS THE RULIMNG CLASS OF GODS WHO WER THE KINGS OF THESE PEOPLE. THE SPANIARDS SLAUGHTERED THE KINGS AND ROYAL NOBLES OF THE MAYAN EMPIRES. THE LANGUAGE THEY SPEAK IS AN AFRICAN DIALECT LIKE MOST LANGUAGES THAT HAD ANY GERAT SOPHISTICATION. WE CAN SEE THE ABILITY O AFRICANS TO TARVEL HEN WE GO THRUOUT THE PACIFIC WHER WE FIND A MIXTURE OF VERY NEW WITH THE VERY OLD AFRICANS WHO LIVED THERE FOR MILLINIUMS. HISTORY IS VERY FUNNY WE MUST SEARCH TO FIDN TRUTH . THERE IS NO WHERE ON THE PLANET WHERE YOU WILL NOT SEE GREAT TRIBUTES TO THE BLACK MANWHTERE IT SI INTHE LOOK OF THE PEOPLE OR THE GREAT STATUES THEY BUILT WITH STONE AS THIS WAS THIER PREFERED SIGNATURE. THEY WOULD BUILD TONS OF STONE FIGURES TO REPRESENT THEMSELVES .AS WE THRUOUT AFRICA THE MID EAST THE BALKAN THE MED. STONE ARCHITECTURE THAT CANNOT BE DATED AS THEY GO SO FAR INTO ANTIQUITY IT WOULD AMAZE YOU. THESE BARBARIANS ARE JSUT REPLICATING HISTORY THERE IS NOTHING INTHE WORLD TODAY THAT IS HIDDEN FROM US THE BLACK MAN . ALL WE HAVE TO DO IS ADD AND WE CANSEE EVERYTHING MATERIALSE BEFORE OUR FACE. HOW MANY PEOPLE IN AFRRICA ARE ALBINOS THEY ALL HAVE BLOND HAIR AND SOME HAVE BLUE EYES. THESE ARE NOT NEW THINSG COMMON OF ANYONE ANOTHER THING IS THE THE AUSTROLID AFRICAN HAS BLUE EYES. DO NOT BE OFFENDED BY7 THESE IGNORANT SERVANTS OF WICKEDNESS WHAT THEY ARE DOING IS TEACHING US THE TRUTH , IT IS THIER DREAM TO DENY THE BLACK MAN OF ALL THIER HISTORY . THEYWANT TO STIGMATISE CREATE BIAS AND IGNOTANTS. THEY DONT WANT US TO UNITE . THIS A METHOD WELL THOUGHT OUT THEY WANT TO TELL US HOW LONEG ORU HISTORY BEGAN THIRTEENTH CENTURY IS VERY FOOLSIH TIMBUKTU WAS BEFORE THE ARABS CAME. WE WERE ALWAYS MONOTHEIST AS WE WERE MOSTLY FROM THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL WHO SETTLED MOST OF WEST AFRICA. EGYPT AND WEST NORTHWEST AFRICA HAS ALWAYS HAD THE CONNECT. WHEN ISLAM WAS BEING SPREAD IT DID NOT GO FROM NORTH TO WEST BUT FROM WEST TO NBORTH SO DO NOT KEEP MISREPRESENTING HSITORY AS TOLD BY WHITES. THEY EVEN WITH TRTUH BEFORE THEM STILL WANT TO REFUSE THE TRTUH SO THEY TARNISH ALL TRUTH WHEN IT COEMS TO THE BLACK MAN. THEY WANT TO BELIEVE THE LIES THEY HAVE BEEN TELLING EVEN WRITING INTO THIER HISTORY BOOKS. AS WE LIKE TO SAY THIER STORY (HIS STORY). THE RIGHT THING NOW IS FOR US TO REPRESENT A STRONGDELEGATION ASKING THESE FOOLISH MENNOT TO DESTROY WHAT HAS BEEN LEFT AS ALEGACY . HOW EVER THESE WERE THEY WHO CAME BEFORE AND DESTROYED THE LIBRARIES FORTUNATELY WE HAD MILLIONS OF BOOKS WHICH WQE BROGHT TO EUROPE WHICH IS STILL IN EUROEP . THEY HAVE OUR KNWOLEDGE BUT THEY WONT RECOGNISEIT AS OURS. THE SPANISH TRIED EARLIER IN THIS CNETURT A COUPLE YEAR AGO BUT THEY WERE IMMEADIATELY CONTRADICTED EVEN THOUGH THE MOST MAGNIFICENT OF PALACES IN SPAIN AND PORTUGAL. THE OTHER STATES WERE ADAMANT THAT ARABS THOSE THEY PRISCRIBED TO BE ARBS THE ONES THEY DEPORTED FOM EUORP DURING THIER INQUISITION THESE ARE THEY WHITE EUROPEANS WHO WERE BORN INTO ISLAM BECAUSE THIER FATHER WAS A MUSLIM OR THEY CONVERTED TO ISALM. WE MUST RECOGNIS OPNE THING WE RULED TAUGHT CULTURED EUROPE FOR OVER SEVEN HUNDRED YEARS. BY RIGHT THEW QUARAAN IS ACONTINUATION OF ISRAEL . WHAT THE PROPHET DID WAS TO CONTINUE WHAT CHRIST DID HE BROUGHT THE TRUTH TO THE WORLRD. ONE MORE THING AFRICANS NEVER USED THE LETTER J IN THIER WRITINGS THIS WAS A EUROPEAN INVENTION THAT CAME AFTER. WHEN YOU RESEARCH ALL AFRICAN WRITINGS WHEN THEYDECIDE TO REVEAL THE TRUTH IT CAN BE FOUND ON THE COMPUTER THAT IN KUSH THIER WRITINGS WERE ALL WITHOUT J IN THIER ALPHABET. THSE ARE THE MOST ANCEINT OF ANCIENT EMPIRES. WHEN YOU STUDY EGYPT THEY CAME BACK INTO EGYPT AFTER THEY WOULD SEE HOW FAR THE INVADERS AD TAKEN AWAY THE STRONG CULTURE OF THE PEOPLE. THEY WOULD COME BUILD REBUILD RATHER AND RETURN SOUTH AS THIS WAS WHERE THEY ORIGINATED., THIS WAS WHERE ALL THE GREAT BUILDING BEGAN. NEITHER ALAEXANDER , CAESAR THE TRUKS OR NAPOLEN DID NYTHING BUT DESTROY. THEY HAVE NTO CONTRIBUTED ANYTHING TO THE CULTURES OF THESE GREAT CIVILIZATIONS. THIS IS WHAT THE BARBARIANS HAVE BEEN DOING EVERYTIME THEY COME INTO OUR LANDS ; NOTHING HAS CHANGED EXCEPT WE GET TO SEE INOUR LIFE TIME WHAT TRULY HAPPENDS TO BLACK CULTURE. IT IS FROWNED UPON BECUASE IT IS SO STRONG IT EVOKES CONTROVERSY. THEY BECOME JEALOUS ENVIOUS AND THEN WANT TO BE THE TEACHERS WHEN THEY ARE ABSOLOUTELY NOT. AGAIN I WILL ASY THAT THESE ARE THE SAME PEOPLE FROM THE SAME AREAS WHERE THEY HAVE NOT CHANGED THIER ATTITUDDE IN OVER ONE THOUSAD YEARS AND THEY ARE WHOM THEY WANT TO GIVE THE CREDIT TO FOR BUILDING EUROPES MAGNIFICENT PALACES AND GARDENS WORKS OF ASTOUNDING ARCHTITECTURE. THESE ARE THEY WHOM THEY SAY LEFT ALL THSE BOOKS OF SCIENCE AND WORKS OF CULTURAL NOBILITY, THESE ARE WHOM THEY REFER TO AS THE GREAT SULTANS ADNSHEIKS WHOM WERE THE PRODUCTS OF BRILLIANTS . THESE ARE THEY THESE SCOUNDRELS IGNORANT STUPID MEN WHO SAY THAT THE ONLY BOOK ONTHE PLANET SHOULD BE THE QUARAAN THESE WORDS HAVE NTO CHANGED SINCE THEY WERE LAST HERE OVER A THHOUSAND YEARS AGO. THE FRENCH DID THE SAME THING SO DO NOT ACT AS IF THEY WERE INOCENT IN ANY OF THIS. MANUSCRIPTS WRE BURNED THAT WERE IN MALI VAI EGYPT FOR HUNDRED OF THOUSAND OF ?? WE ARE THE ENGINEERS OF EGYPT JURASALEM IRAQ ANY WHERE YOU FIND ANTIQUITY WE WERE THERE. THIS IS WHAT THEY MUST REOGNISE THEY ALSO DID THE SAME THINSG , IT IS NOT UNUSAUL AS THEY ARE STILL TRYING TO KEEP THE TRUTH FROM US AND THEMSELVES. THEY ARE SUING A FALSE IDENTITITY TO IDENTIFY THEMSELVES TAKING OUR HISTORY TELLING IT TO US AS LEGEND THEN REDEFGINING THE TRUH AS THIERS. THIS WE MUST SHOW THEM, HOW VERY WRONG THEY ARE , "THIS WAS WHY IT WAS KNOWN AS THE MORORISH PERIOD " IN EUROPE AND NOT THE ARAB PERIOD!!!!!!!!!!!!THESE ARAB SPEAKERS ARE BEING DEFINED WORLD WIDE AS ARABS BUT ONE MNORE TIEM THE ORIGINAL ARB TRIBES WERE INDEED OF THE BLACK AFRICAN STOCK MUHAMAADS DAD WAS KNOWN AS THE TALL BLACK MAN. DO NOT GET CONFUSED AFRICA WE MUST BE FIRM AND UNITED IN ALL OUR ENDEAVOURS OR JUST AS WE SEE NOW THE MISUNDERSTOOD WILL 8UNDERMINE ALL OUR EFFOTRS TO UNITE AND NOT WORRY ABOUT THE PAST BUT TAKE CONTROL NOW AND SHOW THEM WHO WE TRULY ARE!!! PEACE!!!!!

  • I Pity You
    Jul 13 2012, 13:44

    The (pretty sure they are men?!) Guys who have commented so far forget that not everyone in this world believes in their God, nor in fact in any deity whatsoever. It should be everyone's (notice I'm including women as persons of the Human kind, not the second class and subjugated citizens or slaves that Allah/God would make them) personal choice to believe or not - everything else, eg. children being brought up in a faith (note I do not discriminate between Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Buddhist, or Hindu) - is pure indoctrination and brainwashing, which dear friends most of the ill educated masses of Islamic followers are prone to.

    Killing anyone, destroying anything of beauty is a sign of an unbalanced mind a cancer of the brain - hence the Ansar Dine, the AQIM, need surgically removing along with those who created them!

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Mali: After Tombs, Manuscripts Are Rebels' Next Target

The Malian city of Timbuktu is not only home to historic mosques and sacred tombs, but also an enormous collection of old manuscripts which are now under threat from a wave of ... Read more »