South Africa: Leaders Abuse Governance to Control Citizens

analysis

Many African countries since independence from colonialism have operated under multiple systems of governance: the country's formal institutions, laws and values, and, in parallel, informal ones, which often inform the day-to-day behaviour of elected and public representatives and citizens.

These governments have, on paper created formal overarching national institutions -- such as democratic constitutions, parliaments, judiciaries and laws -- which can be called "civic" structures.

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