Peace and security has for long been the main stumbling block for the resource rich African continent to achieve sustainable development and give better lives for their people, who have been suffering from the yoke of colonization, civil wars and conflicts, ethnic and religious violence, undemocratic and dictatorial rule and extreme poverty.
Centralized structure, weak diplomatic and political influence and institutional capacity has prevented, African Union (AU) - the successor institution to the Organization of African Unity - from being effective in maintaining peace and stability across the continent. While the AU has been striving to achieve sustainable peace and stability, its success can only be considered modest.
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