African penguins, known for their irregular markings and loud call, are in sharp decline. The species has gone from a population of more than a million at the beginning of the 20th century to being endangered. South African bioscientist Patrick Mafunda is using in-vitro fertilisation to help the species survive.
African penguins, also known as Spheniscus demersus (Greek and Latin) or blackfoot penguins, have steadily been headed for extinction since industrial fishing started around South Africa's Cape of Good Hope. Commercial fisheries and shifts in prey populations have exacerbated the problem.
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