N'djamena, Chad — Thousands of people amassed at Chad's eastern border in Sila region and other border areas - seeking refuge from a raging conflict in neighbouring Sudan - are at risk of losing access to vital humanitarian and medical assistance with the impending arrival of the rainy season, warns Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF).
This is expected to have devastating humanitarian consequences in Sila's border region; when wadis (dry riverbeds) and roads fill with water and flood, it will lead to the complete isolation of refugees and host communities. As a result, they could be cut them off from all services or assistance as the area becomes inaccessible.
There are also concerns over increased risks of waterborne and infectious diseases under the current conditions of poor access to clean water and sanitation services. The situation has triggered an emergency response with humanitarian organisations trying to provide aid and relocate people far from insecure border areas before the rains hit - however, aid is visibly falling behind.
"Many refugees want to move away from the border area, but there is not enough space for them to relocate," says Audrey van der Schoot, MSF head of mission in Chad. "At the same time, there are others who wish to remain where they are, in addition to continuing arrivals from Sudan," she says.
"More than 100,000 people have already crossed the border into Chad since the start of the fighting in Sudan. We fear that with the coming rainfall, people in this border area will be trapped and forgotten, with no access to critical lifesaving services, or information on where to access them," says van der Schoot.
People may be left to make unimaginable choices; to stay without any assistance or to return to Sudan, where they would be exposed to more violence, and physical and psychological harm.
"The ongoing humanitarian action should prioritise the situation and the needs of those people that will eventually become stranded at the border," says van der Schoot.
People in this border area will be trapped and forgotten, with no access to critical lifesaving services. Audrey van der Schoot, MSF head of mission in Chad
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Nearly 30,000 refugees and returnees in Sila region in eastern Chad are receiving limited and slow humanitarian assistance. The lack of shelter, water and insufficient food has forced many refugees to turn to other refugee families or to Chadian hosts for support.
In response, our teams have started an emergency project in cooperation with health authorities in Sila region, near the Chad-Sudan border. Through mobile clinics that reach Sudanese refugees, Chadian returnees and host communities, our teams provide medical and preventive care in Andressa and Mogororo refugee sites.
Services include the screening and treatment of acute malnutrition in children, sexual and reproductive healthcare, and referrals to the MSF-supported Deguessa health centre or to Koukou hospital for specialised healthcare.
In the first three weeks alone, medical teams treated 1,460 patients, the majority of whom are children suffering from malnutrition, respiratory infections, acute watery diarrhoea and malaria - all of which are associated with their precarious living conditions. A total of 333 pregnant women also received ante- and post-natal care.
While running mobile clinics over the past weeks, our teams in Sila have also heard disturbing accounts from refugees who fled from the Sudanese locality of Foro Baranga and surrounding villages, south of West Darfur. Most of them have arrived on foot.
Survivors describe their experiences under a state of shock, having been exposed to extreme levels of violence, including reported incidents of sexual and gender-based violence, torture, kidnapping, forced recruitment, looting, blackmail as well as property destruction. Those fleeing the conflict in Sudan have also faced threats, while others have been made to pay so they could enter Chad.
Our teams have also taken care of over 70 injured Sudanese in our health facility in Ouaddai's Adre region. Most of the wounded arrived with severe gunshot wounds sustained in the clashes in West Darfur. Many of them were left behind, unable to travel to Chad or to receive medical treatment.
While Chad - a country devoid of resources - experiences the repercussions of the conflict in Sudan, the silent humanitarian crisis in the country is further deepening. Chadians living in border regions are no longer able to seek healthcare during the disruptive rainy season nor to access markets in Sudan for their livelihoods. This has caused prices of food and commodities to soar in an area with pre-existing high levels of malnutrition, and where access to healthcare was already very limited for the host community.
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We are facing a crisis on top of a crisis. People are trickling in whenever the conflict intensifies in Sudan, with more expected to cross into Chad. Audrey van der Schoot, MSF head of mission in Chad
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Furthermore, people in Chad continue to be exposed to multiple shocks caused by extreme weather changes, armed conflict and recurrent outbreaks of preventable and treatable diseases. These latest events will only increase their vulnerability and that of refugees and Chadian returnees.
"We are facing a crisis on top of a crisis. People are trickling in whenever the conflict intensifies in Sudan, with more expected to cross into Chad as the fighting continues unabated," says van der Schoot.
"In an already neglected and underfunded context like Chad, the continuous arrivals from Sudan put a strain on the country's already limited and overstretched resources, and could exacerbate the existing humanitarian needs of both Sudanese refugees and the host community.
"An urgent scale-up of the humanitarian programming and funding for refugees from Sudan is needed, but the needs of the host community and other refugees in eastern Chad should be prioritised equally in this humanitarian response," she says.
