Kampala — Until recently, Margaret Natabi would never have dreamed of taking her anti-corruption fight on the streets of Uganda's capital, Kampala.
Natabi, 24, is a University student. She has first-hand experience of how corruption affects marginalized groups, especially women and girls.
She was orphaned during childhood. Her mother died while giving birth to one of her siblings. She believes that if it were not for corruption, her mother would not have died.
Natabi is among those arrested in July during the famous "march to parliament in protest." The march followed a social media campaign by young Ugandans using the hashtag #StopCorruption.
On the day of her arrest, Natabi was holding a poster reading, "The corrupt are playing with the wrong generation." Data from the latest population and housing census indicate that some 15 million out of a population of 45 million Ugandans.
When the police approached her during the protest, Natabi did not resist. Female police constables lifted her and bundled her into the police car.
"I was so determined to preach the gospel against corruption to everyone. Even the police officer that was arresting me," she shared.
However, the arresting officers were not about to listen to her.
"I actually don't know where the policemen and women got that anger from because I was peaceful. It was as if something was charging them with anger. I was just exercising my constitutional rights. But here they were charging at me with brutal force," Natabi narrated.
While others went to beat the young men taking part in the protest, she claimed that a male police officer kicked her hard in the back.
"Then the police officer turned to me, saying, 'Look at you. You have painted nails; you have money to plait in your hair. What has corruption done to you? And you are saying this country is hard for you!"' she narrated.
Natabi further narrated that she insisted on "preaching to the officers" the dangers of corruption.
"I told the officer that by the time you see me here, you don't know how many things I have lost due to corruption. I do not have a father. I do not have a mother. Do you know how corruption caused that? My mother had to die because she was not attended to at the hospital when she was pregnant. She lost her baby and she lost her life."
Even though she had just come out of prison, Natabi told IPS that she was not about to give up in her fight against corruption. "Because the more I keep quiet, I'm doing an injustice to my country," she said
"We may not end corruption. But the number of people who have seen what we are doing, the eyes that we are opening--there is a person today who is going to pick that courage from us," said Natabi. "When we all keep quiet, nobody is going to rise up. But some people just want to see one person standing up and they will get that courage."
Natabi is not alone; more and more young women like 25-year-old Claire Namara have come out to challenge the status quo. She was charged with disturbing a lawful religious assembly.
Her problem stemmed from a lone protest during mass at a Catholic church in the suburbs of Kampala. Dressed in black and holding the Ugandan flag, Namara attempted to preach to the congregants about the dangers of the luxurious lifestyle of the country's Speaker of Parliament, Annett Anita, whom many believe squanders public money for personal gain.
Namara also had a poster with a picture of a sanitary pad with the message, "Magogo's birthday car would pad one million young girls for a year. #StopCorruption."
The Police questioned her about the message on the sanitary pad poster.
"He asked me to read the placard twice. I confidently read it because I wrote it when I meant it. He asked me what the meaning of this message was. I told him the cost of Magogo's car would (provide) pads for one million girls in a year; that is what we are meaning and that is a fact," Namara narrated.
Anita bought a new Range Rover as a birthday present when millions of girls were going with sanitary pads.
Many young girls in rural Uganda continue to miss long constructive hours away from school because of a lack of sanitary pads.
In 2021, the government and a group of civil society organizations published A Menstrual Health Snapshot of Uganda, which found that 65% (nearly 7 out of 10) of girls and women in Uganda did not have access to products to fully meet their menstrual health needs. It noted that 70 percent of adolescent girls mentioned menstruation as a major hindrance to their optimal school performance.
"I would at certain point fail to get sanitary pads and I would end up using cloth. That is a personal story but as well, in my village, many girls still struggle to afford sanitary pads," Namara told IPS.
President Yoweri Museveni during the 2016 election pledged to provide funds for free sanitary pads in schools. However, in 2020, his wife, Janet Museveni, also the Minister of Education and Sports, said that there were no funds to sustain the provision of free sanitary pads.
Namara told IPS that while the government said it lacked the money to fund menstrual hygiene, politicians--more so women politicians--have been named in corruption scandals.
"I must believe that even when we think that we have it all, every woman, apart from those who belong to the first family and those who are stealing from our taxes, has struggled to get pads. Even when you access it, you struggle to get that money," argues Namara, who believes that the state must ensure that young girls have access to safe menstrual hygiene services.
Namara told IPS that while she was facing ridicule from a section of the public that condemned her for carrying "her" protest to church, she has equally been receiving messages of commendation from many.
"We need a bigger discussion in Uganda about women in Uganda and how they are facing these societal norms. I was so disappointed by fellow women who were asking how she could go to protest in church. She is a young girl. Who will marry her?
In early September, Norah Kobusingye, Praise Aloikin Opoloje, and Kemitoma Kyenziibo were arrested while marching the Parliament building with posters "No Corruption." They had almost stripped naked and painted their bodies. The youthful protestors, who belong to the Uganda Freedom Activists, were slapped with a common nuisance charge contrary to the Uganda Penal Code Act.
In reaction, the feminist scholar and writer Dr. Stella Nyanzi said the young women's imprisonment would not deter the peaceful protests.
"Charging comrades Kemitoma Siperia Mollie, Praise Aloikin, and Kobusingye Norah with common nuisance and remanding them to Luzira Women's Prison until September 12, 2024 will not stop the peaceful #March2Parliament to #StopCorruption and demand that #AnitaMustResign," observed Nyanzi, known for using "radical rudeness" as a form of political protest similar to what the young men did.
The emergence of a young breed of female anti-corruption actors in Uganda has triggered debate. For some, these young people have broken the formal and cultural barriers about women and corruption.
Dr. Miria Matembe, a former Minister of Ethics and Integrity under Museveni, agrees with those who believe that the young women anti-corruption activists have come to challenge the status quo because the once vibrant women's movement in Uganda has been silenced.
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"Do you hear any NGO going out the way we used to do? They are in their offices doing their work. So the space for us who used to go out is completely closed."
She told IPS that the entire system of governance in Uganda is corrupt. "Corruption is not about the Prime Minister because she is a woman. Look at the women politicians individually. They are greedy. We have a transactional parliament. Rather than a transformative parliament. When Museveni wants something, he takes them aside and asks how much. Therefore, I must say we are heading nowhere," she said.
Others say they are posing a challenge to women who are holding "big" positions under Museveni. There is a feeling that women in leadership like Vice President Jessica Alupo, Speaker of Parliament Anita Among, and Prime Minister Robina Nabanja have conspired with Museveni in propping up a corrupt regime.
Younger female Ugandans, like Nantongo Bashira, believe that those leaders have let them down.
Bashira, a lecturer at the Islamic University in Uganda, told IPS that young women bear the responsibility to make the future they want.
"We keep on saying the future is female. If you tell us that the future is women and corruption is skyrocketing, the future is female and things are not going your way, it is our responsibility to shape that future that we want," said Bashira.
Aili Mari Tripp, a Vilas Research Professor of Political Science at the University of Wisconsin-Madison USA, wrote in a paper titled "How African Autocracies Instrumentalize Women Leaders" that Uganda is among the autocracies that have instrumentalized women to stay longer in power.
IPS UN Bureau Report
