Efficient governance at the third tier of government has been hampered by the overbearing influence of state governors who retain funds meant for them in joint accounts in the respective states.
The federal government has filed a suit at the Supreme Court against the the 36 state governments, seeking the enforcement of full autonomy of the local governments in Nigeria.
There are 774 local government areas in the country. However, efficient governance at the the level of the third tier of government has been hampered by the overbearing influence of state governors.
Funds meant for local governments in the Federation Account are paid monthly to them through their respective state governments. But against expectations, the governors of the states retain the funds in joint accounts in the respective states and only release to the local governments what they wish. The local governments in each state have no say in the use of the funds in the joint accounts controlled by the respective state governors.
The office of the Attorney-General of the Federation and Minister of Justice has instituted a suit at the Supreme Court, seeking an order to better guarantee the independence of the local governments.
In the suit marked: SC/CV/343/2024, the federal government urged the court to issue an order prohibiting state governors from embarking on unilateral, arbitrary and unlawful dissolution of democratically elected local government leaders.
The plaintiff also prayed the Supreme Court to make an order permitting the funds standing in the credits of local governments to be directly channelled to them from the Federation Account in line with the provisions of the Constitution as against the alleged unlawful joint accounts created by governors.
In addition, the Attorney-General of the Federation, Lateef Fagbemi, begged the court to stop the governors from further constituting caretaker committees administer the affairs of local governments in violation of the constitutionally recognised and guaranteed democratic system.
Mr Fagbemi further asked for an order of injunction, restraining the governors, their agents and privies, from receiving, spending or tampering with funds released from the Federation Account for the benefits of local governments when no democratically elected local government system is put in place in the states.
Court filings showed that the governors were sued through their respective Attorneys General and Commissioners for Justice.
Grounds of the suit
Laying the legal basis for the case, the federal government contended that the Nigerian federation was a creation of the the Constitution with a president as head of government whose key responsibility is to uphold the provisions of the Constitution.
The chief law officer of the country argued that the Constitution recognises the three tiers of government - federal, state and local.
The plaintiff further contended that "by the provisions of the Constitution, there must be a democratically elected local government system and that the Constitution has not made provisions for any other systems of governance at the local government level other than democratically elected local government system."
The justice minister said despite the statutory provisions, "governors have failed and refused to put in place a democratically elected local government system even where no state of emergency has been declared to warrant the suspension of democratic institutions in the state."
"That the failure of the governors to put democratically elected local government system in place, is a deliberate subversion of the 1999 Constitution which they and the President have sworn to uphold.
"That all efforts to make the governors comply with the dictates of the 1999 Constitution in terms of putting in place, a democratically elected local government system, has not yielded any result and that to continue to disburse funds from the Federation Account to governors for non existing democratically elected local government is to undermine the sanctity of the 1999 Constitution.
"That in the face of the violations of the 1999 Constitution, the federal government is not obligated under section 162 of the Constitution to pay any State, funds standing to the credit of local governments where no democratically elected local government is in place," the AGF stated in the suit.
The suit has been slated for hearing on 30 May, but it is not clear if the state governments have filed their defence.
The state governments opposed the moves by the former President Muhammadu Buhari administration to enforce the constitutional provisions stipulating that local governments were entitled to receive the funds meant for them in the Federation Account.
But the state governments, through Mr Fagbemi who was then a private lawyer, filed a suit to stop the specific move by the
Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit (NFIU) to abolish the joint accounts into which the the various state governors were diverting their local governments' funds.
The governors argued in the suit that the NFIU's move was illegal under a federal system of government. They said under the federal system, the NFIU, a federal government body, lacked the power to decide for the state governments how to use their funds.
Sign up for free AllAfrica Newsletters
Get the latest in African news delivered straight to your inbox
Background
Governors' overbearing influence on local governments in most states have crippled governance at the level of the third tier of government.
In December 2022, former President Muhammadu Buhari accused the state governors of pilfering local government funds.
PREMIUM TIMES earlier reported how state governors rose against a move by the NFIU to abolish the states' local governments joint accounts through which governors exercised absolute control over local governments' funds in the country.
The NFIU placed a limit on cash withdrawals from local governments accounts to a maximum of N500,000 per day. It warned banks to ensure strict compliance.
Last December, the Nigerian Senate asked the federal government to stop allocation of funds to local governments run by caretaker committees.
Perhaps the current suit is in response to the Senate's resolution, calling on the federal government to enforce financial autonomy for the local governments.
The local governments are in a state of near collapse with crippling insecurity and breakdown of socioeconomic institutions like healthcare centres, schools and markets.
