Despite the claims of the government of Zimbabwe, forced evictions and demolitions without due process, even of structures deemed to be "illegal", are not permitted under international law. The United Nations (UN) Commission on Human Rights considers that "the practice of forced evictions constitutes a gross violation of human rights, in particular the right to adequate housing",while the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, which monitors compliance with the International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights, to which Zimbabwe is a state party, has stated that "instances of forced eviction are prima facie incompatible with the requirements of the Covenant and can only be justified in the most exceptional circumstances, and in accordance with the relevant principles of international law." The mass evictions of Operation Murambatsvina were carried out without adequate notice, court orders, due process, legal protection, redress or appropriate relocation measures. They resulted in hundreds of thousands of people being made homeless in winter.