The African Development Bank (AfDB) has proposed new investment strategies in Africa's agriculture sector, which, if properly implemented, would effectively alter the market structures around the world in favour of the African farmers of major cash crops like tea, coffee and cocoa.
AfDB Vice-President for Regional Development, Integration and Business Delivery, Khaled Sherif, says for the farmers to close the gaps currently slowing industrialisation of agriculture, investment strategies should be tailored towards providing high-yielding seeds and making large farms more productive.
"Africa trails the rest of the world in the economies of scale yet we have seen how economies of scale can work in agriculture. We have seen how it can be done using the right seeds and turning the large farms into large productivity regions. This will ensure Africa does not export just the unprocessed food while we import the processed food worth US $35 billion," Sherif said Monday during discussions on "Transforming African Agriculture into a Lucrative Business," at the 52nd session of the AfDB Annual Meetings, taking place in Gujarat State in West India, May 22-26, 2017.
Sherif believes, with investment strategies properly managed in the continent's largest cash-crop producing regions of West Africa and East Africa, markets could be tilted and produce effectively controlled so that the market booms and busts are properly managed and prices stabilized.
Citing the case of cocoa, which is the main cash crop export of Cameroon, Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire, Sherif said the investment in large storage facilities would enable the governments of those countries to manage the release of raw cocoa beans into the world market in order to control the prices.
"These countries are currently the price-takers, not price-makers and yet they are the producers," Sherif said. "The dipping of the world cocoa prices has created such a big dip for the economies of the West African countries. This was a result of the bumper harvest of cocoa, which led to excess supply."
The failure by the countries of the region to control the supply led to a price loss of US $1.2 billion, Sherif said. The losses could be curbed if the producers invested in warehousing and encouraged investors especially the world's largest processors of cocoa to improve the value chain infrastructure.
To correct the obvious imbalances in the regional production of major crops, the AfDB has been fundraising and hopes to invest US $2.4 billion every year for 10 years to provide credit guarantees to farmers undertaking large agricultural sector investments.
AfDB President Akinwumi Adesina says the funds raised by the Bank, including the US $853 million raised by the Africa50 Infrastructure Fund and another US $1-billion syndicated loan for risk guarantees, has adequately capitalized the Bank to lend towards agriculture.
The big market would be created by ensuring that farmers and landowners also earn a fair share from land ownership. This is possible through land leasing and reducing the amount of idle land. Increasing the land productive would also be promoted through first-class infrastructure like rail.
According to the AfDB, Egypt spends US $20 billion to import wheat from Kansas, in the U.S., while farmers in neighbouring Sudan have adequate land which could be cultivated to produce the crop for export.
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